API

Aio

class mraa.Aio(pin)

Bases: object

API to Analog IO.

This file defines the aio interface for libmraa

C++ includes: aio.hpp

getBit(Aio self) → int

self: mraa::Aio *

Gets the bit value mraa is shifting the analog read to.

bit value mraa is set return from the read function

read(Aio self) → unsigned int

self: mraa::Aio *

Read a value from the AIO pin. By default mraa will shift the raw value up or down to a 10 bit value.

std::invalid_argument: in case of error

The current input voltage. By default, a 10bit value

readFloat(Aio self) → float

self: mraa::Aio *

Read a value from the AIO pin and return it as a normalized float.

std::invalid_argument: in case of error

The current input voltage as a normalized float (0.0f-1.0f)

setBit(Aio self, int bits) → mraa::Result

bits: int

Set the bit value which mraa will shift the raw reading from the ADC to. I.e. 10bits

bits: the bits the return from read should be i.e 10

mraa::Result type

thisown

The membership flag

I2c

class mraa.I2c(bus, raw=False)

Bases: object

API to Inter-Integrated Circuit.

An I2c object represents an i2c master and can talk multiple i2c slaves by selecting the correct addressIt is considered best practice to make sure the address is correct before doing any calls on i2c, in case another application or even thread changed the addres on that bus. Multiple instances of the same bus can exist.

C++ includes: i2c.hpp

address(I2c self, uint8_t address) → mraa::Result

address: uint8_t

Set the slave to talk to, typically called before every read/write operation

address: Communicate to the i2c slave on this address

Result of operation

frequency(I2c self, mraa::I2cMode mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::I2cMode

Sets the i2c Frequency for communication. Your board may not support the set frequency. Anyone can change this at any time and this will affect every slave on the bus

mode: Frequency to set the bus to

Result of operation

read(I2c self, uint8_t * data) → int

data: uint8_t *

Read length bytes from the bus into *data pointer

data: Data to read into

length: Size of read in bytes to make

length of read, should match length

readByte(I2c self) → uint8_t

self: mraa::I2c *

Read exactly one byte from the bus

std::invalid_argument: in case of error

char read from the bus

readBytesReg(I2c self, uint8_t reg, uint8_t * data) → int

reg: uint8_t data: uint8_t *

Read length bytes from the bus into *data pointer starting from an i2c register

reg: Register to read from

data: pointer to the byte array to read data in to

length: max number of bytes to read

length passed to the function or -1

readReg(I2c self, uint8_t reg) → uint8_t

reg: uint8_t

Read byte from an i2c register

reg: Register to read from

std::invalid_argument: in case of error

char read from register

readWordReg(I2c self, uint8_t reg) → uint16_t

reg: uint8_t

Read word from an i2c register

reg: Register to read from

std::invalid_argument: in case of error

char read from register

thisown

The membership flag

write(I2c self, uint8_t const * data) → mraa::Result

data: uint8_t const *

Write length bytes to the bus, the first byte in the array is the command/register to write

data: Buffer to send on the bus, first byte is i2c command

length: Size of buffer to send

Result of operation

writeByte(I2c self, uint8_t data) → mraa::Result

data: uint8_t

Write a byte on the bus

data: The byte to send on the bus

Result of operation

writeReg(I2c self, uint8_t reg, uint8_t data) → mraa::Result

reg: uint8_t data: uint8_t

Write a byte to an i2c register

reg: Register to write to

data: Value to write to register

Result of operation

writeWordReg(I2c self, uint8_t reg, uint16_t data) → mraa::Result

reg: uint8_t data: uint16_t

Write a word to an i2c register

reg: Register to write to

data: Value to write to register

Result of operation

Gpio

class mraa.Gpio(pin, owner=True, raw=False)

Bases: object

API to General Purpose IO.

This file defines the gpio interface for libmraa

C++ includes: gpio.hpp

dir(Gpio self, mraa::Dir dir) → mraa::Result

dir: enum mraa::Dir

Change Gpio direction

dir: The direction to change the gpio into

Result of operation

edge(Gpio self, mraa::Edge mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::Edge

Set the edge mode for ISR

mode: The edge mode to set

Result of operation

getPin(Gpio self, bool raw=False) → int

raw: bool

getPin(Gpio self) -> int

self: mraa::Gpio *

Get pin number of Gpio. If raw param is True will return the number as used within sysfs. Invalid will return -1.

raw: (optional) get the raw gpio number.

Pin number

inputMode(Gpio self, mraa::InputMode mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::InputMode

Change Gpio input mode

mode: The mode to change the gpio input

Result of operation

isr(Gpio self, mraa::Edge mode, PyObject * pyfunc, PyObject * args) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::Edge pyfunc: PyObject * args: PyObject *

Sets a callback to be called when pin value changes

mode: The edge mode to set

fptr: Function pointer to function to be called when interrupt is triggered

args: Arguments passed to the interrupt handler (fptr)

Result of operation

isrExit(Gpio self) → mraa::Result

self: mraa::Gpio *

Exits callback - this call will not kill the isr thread immediately but only when it is out of it’s critical section

Result of operation

mode(Gpio self, mraa::Mode mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::Mode

Change Gpio mode

mode: The mode to change the gpio into

Result of operation

outputMode(Gpio self, mraa::OutputMode mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::OutputMode

Change Gpio output driver mode

mode: Set output driver mode

Result of operation

read(Gpio self) → int

self: mraa::Gpio *

Read value from Gpio

Gpio value

readDir(Gpio self) → mraa::Dir

self: mraa::Gpio *

Read Gpio direction

std::runtime_error: in case of failure

Result of operation

thisown

The membership flag

useMmap(Gpio self, bool enable) → mraa::Result

enable: bool

Enable use of mmap i/o if available.

enable: true to use mmap

Result of operation

write(Gpio self, int value) → mraa::Result

value: int

Write value to Gpio

value: Value to write to Gpio

Result of operation

Led

class mraa.Led(*args)

Bases: object

Proxy of C++ mraa::Led class.

clearTrigger(Led self) → mraa::Result

self: mraa::Led *

readBrightness(Led self) → int

self: mraa::Led *

readMaxBrightness(Led self) → int

self: mraa::Led *

setBrightness(Led self, int value) → mraa::Result

value: int

thisown

The membership flag

trigger(Led self, char const * trigger) → mraa::Result

trigger: char const *

Pwm

class mraa.Pwm(pin, owner=True, chipid=-1)

Bases: object

API to Pulse Width Modulation.

This file defines the PWM interface for libmraa

C++ includes: pwm.hpp

enable(Pwm self, bool enable) → mraa::Result

enable: bool

Set the enable status of the PWM pin. None zero will assume on with output being driven and 0 will disable the output

enable: enable status of pin

Result of operation

max_period(Pwm self) → int

self: mraa::Pwm *

Get the maximum PWM period in us

max PWM period in us

min_period(Pwm self) → int

self: mraa::Pwm *

Get the minimum PWM period in us

min PWM period in us

period(Pwm self, float period) → mraa::Result

period: float

Set the PWM period as seconds represented in a float

period: Period represented as a float in seconds

Result of operation

period_ms(Pwm self, int ms) → mraa::Result

ms: int

Set period, milliseconds

ms: milliseconds for period

Result of operation

period_us(Pwm self, int us) → mraa::Result

us: int

Set period, microseconds

us: microseconds as period

Result of operation

pulsewidth(Pwm self, float seconds) → mraa::Result

seconds: float

Set pulsewidth, as represented by seconds in a float

seconds: The duration of a pulse

Result of operation

pulsewidth_ms(Pwm self, int ms) → mraa::Result

ms: int

Set pulsewidth, milliseconds

ms: milliseconds for pulsewidth

Result of operation

pulsewidth_us(Pwm self, int us) → mraa::Result

us: int

The pulsewidth, microseconds

us: microseconds for pulsewidth

Result of operation

read(Pwm self) → float

self: mraa::Pwm *

Read the output duty-cycle percentage, as a float

A floating-point value representing percentage of output. The value should lie between 0.0f (representing 0%) and 1.0f Values above or below this range will be set at either 0.0f or 1.0f

thisown

The membership flag

write(Pwm self, float percentage) → mraa::Result

percentage: float

Set the output duty-cycle percentage, as a float

percentage: A floating-point value representing percentage of output. The value should lie between 0.0f (representing 0%) and 1.0f Values above or below this range will be set at either 0.0f or 1.0f

Result of operation

Spi

class mraa.Spi(*args)

Bases: object

API to Serial Peripheral Interface.

This file defines the SPI interface for libmraa

C++ includes: spi.hpp

bitPerWord(Spi self, unsigned int bits) → mraa::Result

bits: unsigned int

Set bits per mode on transaction, default is 8

bits: bits per word

Result of operation

frequency(Spi self, int hz) → mraa::Result

hz: int

Set the SPI device operating clock frequency

hz: the frequency to set in hz

Result of operation

lsbmode(Spi self, bool lsb) → mraa::Result

lsb: bool

Change the SPI lsb mode

lsb: Use least significant bit transmission - 0 for msbi

Result of operation

mode(Spi self, mraa::Spi_Mode mode) → mraa::Result

mode: enum mraa::Spi_Mode

Set the SPI device mode. see spidev0-3

mode: the mode. See Linux spidev doc

Result of operation

thisown

The membership flag

write(Spi self, uint8_t * txBuf) → uint8_t *

txBuf: uint8_t *

Write buffer of bytes to SPI device The pointer return has to be free’d by the caller. It will return a NULL pointer in cases of error

txBuf: buffer to send

length: size of buffer to send

uint8_t* data received on the miso line. Same length as passed in

writeByte(Spi self, uint8_t data) → int

data: uint8_t

Write single byte to the SPI device

data: the byte to send

data received on the miso line or -1 in case of error

writeWord(Spi self, uint16_t data) → int

data: uint16_t

Write buffer of bytes to SPI device The pointer return has to be free’d by the caller. It will return a NULL pointer in cases of error

txBuf: buffer to send

length: size of buffer (in bytes) to send

uint8_t* data received on the miso line. Same length as passed in

Uart

class mraa.Uart(*args)

Bases: object

API to UART (enabling only)

This file defines the UART interface for libmraa

C++ includes: uart.hpp

dataAvailable(Uart self, unsigned int millis=0) → bool

millis: unsigned int

dataAvailable(Uart self) -> bool

self: mraa::Uart *

Check to see if data is available on the device for reading

millis: number of milliseconds to wait, or 0 to return immediately

true if there is data available to read, false otherwise

flush(Uart self) → mraa::Result

self: mraa::Uart *

Flush the outbound data. Blocks until complete.

Result of operation

getDevicePath(Uart self) → std::string

self: mraa::Uart *

Get string with tty device path within Linux For example. Could point to “/dev/ttyS0”

char pointer of device path

read(Uart self, char * data) → int

data: char *

Read bytes from the device into char* buffer

data: buffer pointer

length: maximum size of buffer

numbers of bytes read

readStr(Uart self, int length) → std::string

length: int

Read bytes from the device into a String object

length: to read

std::bad_alloc: If there is no space left for read.

string of data

sendBreak(Uart self, int duration) → mraa::Result

duration: int

Send a break to the device. Blocks until complete.

duration: When 0, send a break lasting at least 250 milliseconds, and not more than 500 milliseconds. When non zero, the break duration is implementation specific.

Result of operation

setBaudRate(Uart self, unsigned int baud) → mraa::Result

baud: unsigned int

Set the baudrate. Takes an int and will attempt to decide what baudrate is to be used on the UART hardware.

baud: unsigned int of baudrate i.e. 9600

Result of operation

setFlowcontrol(Uart self, bool xonxoff, bool rtscts) → mraa::Result

xonxoff: bool rtscts: bool

Set the flowcontrol

xonxoff: XON/XOFF Software flow control.

rtscts: RTS/CTS out of band hardware flow control

Result of operation

setMode(Uart self, int bytesize, mraa::UartParity parity, int stopbits) → mraa::Result

bytesize: int parity: enum mraa::UartParity stopbits: int

Set the transfer mode For example setting the mode to 8N1 would be “dev.setMode(8,UART_PARITY_NONE , 1)”

bytesize: data bits

parity: Parity bit setting

stopbits: stop bits

Result of operation

setNonBlocking(Uart self, bool nonblock) → mraa::Result

nonblock: bool

Set the blocking state for write operations

nonblock: new nonblocking state

Result of operation

setTimeout(Uart self, int read, int write, int interchar) → mraa::Result

read: int write: int interchar: int

Set the timeout for read and write operations <= 0 will disable that timeout

read: read timeout

write: write timeout

interchar: inbetween char timeout

Result of operation

thisown

The membership flag

write(Uart self, char const * data) → int

data: char const *

Write bytes in char* buffer to a device

data: buffer pointer

length: maximum size of buffer

the number of bytes written, or -1 if an error occurred

writeStr(Uart self, std::string data) → int

data: std::string

Write bytes in String object to a device

data: string to write

the number of bytes written, or -1 if an error occurred

Common

Python interface to libmraa

mraa.adcRawBits() → unsigned int

mraa.adcSupportedBits() → unsigned int

mraa.addSubplatform(mraa::Platform subplatformtype, std::string dev) → mraa::Result

subplatformtype: enum mraa::Platform dev: std::string

mraa.aioFromDesc(std::string desc) → Aio

desc: std::string

mraa.getDefaultI2cBus(int platform_offset) → int

platform_offset: int

getDefaultI2cBus() -> int

mraa.getGpioLookup(std::string pin_name) → int

pin_name: std::string

mraa.getI2cBusCount() → int

mraa.getI2cBusId(int i2c_bus) → int

i2c_bus: int

mraa.getI2cLookup(std::string i2c_name) → int

i2c_name: std::string

mraa.getPinCount() → unsigned int

mraa.getPinName(int pin) → std::string

pin: int

mraa.getPlatformName() → std::string

mraa.getPlatformType() → mraa::Platform

mraa.getPlatformVersion(int platform_offset) → std::string

platform_offset: int

getPlatformVersion() -> std::string

mraa.getPwmLookup(std::string pwm_name) → int

pwm_name: std::string

mraa.getSpiLookup(std::string spi_name) → int

spi_name: std::string

mraa.getSubPlatformId(int pin_or_bus_index) → int

pin_or_bus_index: int

mraa.getSubPlatformIndex(int pin_or_bus_id) → int

pin_or_bus_id: int

mraa.getUartCount() → int

mraa.getUartLookup(std::string uart_name) → int

uart_name: std::string

mraa.getVersion() → std::string

mraa.gpioFromDesc(std::string desc) → Gpio

desc: std::string

mraa.hasSubPlatform() → bool

mraa.i2cFromDesc(std::string desc) → I2c

desc: std::string

mraa.init() → mraa::Result

mraa.initJsonPlatform(std::string path) → mraa::Result

path: std::string

mraa.isSubPlatformId(int pin_or_bus_id) → bool

pin_or_bus_id: int

mraa.ledFromDesc(std::string desc) → Led

desc: std::string

mraa.pinModeTest(int pin, mraa::Pinmodes mode) → bool

pin: int mode: enum mraa::Pinmodes

mraa.printError(mraa::Result result)

result: enum mraa::Result

mraa.pwmFromDesc(std::string desc) → Pwm

desc: std::string

mraa.removeSubplatform(mraa::Platform subplatformtype) → mraa::Result

subplatformtype: enum mraa::Platform

mraa.setLogLevel(int level) → mraa::Result

level: int

mraa.setPriority(int const priority) → int

priority: int const

mraa.spiFromDesc(std::string desc) → Spi

desc: std::string

mraa.uartFromDesc(std::string desc) → Uart

desc: std::string