Galileo is a microcontroller board based on the Intel(R) Quark(TM) SoC X1000 Application Processor, a 32-bit Intel Pentium-class system on a chip.

The Gen 2 board has the following limitations in libmraa:

i2c is set at 400Khz speed cannot be changed without reloading kernel module, the driver is intel_qrk_gip_i2c and the parameter is i2c_std_mode which must be set to 1 in order to set the i2c bus speed to 100Khz
i2c bus is shared with multiple devices in kernel space, scanning it usually fails
pwm period is set globally for all pwm channels, when changed this will halt all pwm channels
adc kernel module will return 12bit number but the ADC itself only has an accuracy of 10bits.
AIO pins are treated as 0-5 in mraa_aio_init() but as 14-19 for everything else. Therefore use mraa_gpio_init(14) to use A0 as a Gpio
To explicitly use GPIO 10 for SPI and allow the kernel to handle the chip select, set intel_qrk_plat_galileo_gen2.gpio_cs=1 on the kernel line in the boot config on the galileo, this can be found at /media/mmcblk0p1/boot/grub/grub.conf
if done correctly it should look similiar to this:

  title Quark X1000 kernel-MassStorage iot-devkit on SD IMR-On IO-APIC/HPET NoEMU debug
  root (hd0,0)
  kernel /bzImage root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 intel_qrk_plat_galileo_gen2.gpio_cs=1 rootwait console=ttyS1,115200n8 earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0x8010f000,115200n8 reboot=efi,warm apic=debug rw LABEL=boot debugshell=5

Uart 1 on gen2

Uart 1 is connected to the FTDI header and the linux console. It's also possible to use it from A2(Rx)/A3(Tx). However mraa does not support this directly so you need to enable the muxing manually. Here is an example of how this is done, this was tested using an FTDI 3.3V TTL cable:

 $ systemctl stop serial-getty@ttyS1.service
 $ python
 >>> # Configure the Muxes for Uart1 on Aio2/3
 >>> import mraa as m
 >>> p77 = m.Gpio(77, False, True)
 >>> p76 = m.Gpio(76, False, True)
 >>> p16 = m.Gpio(16, False, True)
 >>> p17 = m.Gpio(17, False, True)
 >>> p77.write(1)
 >>> p76.write(1)
 >>> p16.dir(m.DIR_OUT)
 >>> p16.write(0)
 >>> p17.dir(m.DIR_OUT)
 >>> p17.write(1)
 
 >>> # For Rx to work correctly switch the level shifter
 >>> p34 = m.Gpio(34, False, True)
 >>> p34.dir(m.DIR_OUT)
 >>> p34.write(1)
 
 >>> # Use the uart
 >>> x = m.Uart(1)
 >>> x.setBaudRate(115200)
 >>> x.writeStr('hello')
 >>> x.read(5)
 bytearray(b'dsds\n')